山区坡改梯中的光能利用问题     

沈显生 《山地学报》2000,18(3):278-280

根据太阳高度角在北半球的变化规律 ,提出在山区坡改梯中 ,按照作物高度和山坡坡度决定梯地的宽度 ,其关系式为L =ctgα·h。这样不仅可以充分有效地利用太阳光能 ,而且节约土地资源 ,减少投入 ,合理利用土壤肥力 ,降低因化肥流失造成的水体污染 ,并能取得最佳经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。  相似文献   

海滩碎波带波能振荡的多尺度分析     

陈子鬐  谢利 《热带海洋学报》2000,19(1)

对不同波况条件下实测的一岬间海滩碎波带两个测站的波面数据 ,通过小波变换方法计算了小波能谱 ,并作了显著性检验。结果表明 :( 1 )碎波带波能存在典型的多尺度振荡特性 ;( 2 )在正常波况下 ,波能主要分布于风浪频域 ,入射波自外测站向内测站传播过程中 ,能量具有向低频方向转移的趋势 ;( 3)在高能波况下 ,能量均向长重力波频带增加 ,在长重力波显著尺度 ,二测站之间存在良好的位相一致关系  相似文献   

MORALITY,SPACE, AND THE POWER OF WIND‐ENERGY LANDSCAPES     

MARTIN J. PASQUALETTI 《Geographical review》2000,90(3):381-394

ABSTRACT. Most of us have not known—or cared—where our electricity comes from. Our attitude is changing, however, as we turn toward wind energy, now the fastest‐growing renewable energy resource in the world. Because we cannot extract and transport the raw energy of the wind, reaping its many environmental benefits requires that we cope with the landscape presence of its development wherever it occurs. Sometimes this interferes with the value of open space, and sometimes it may be close to subdivisions. It is the immobility and very visibility of wind power that makes its presence unavoidable. In that regard it cannot be hidden underground, stored in tanks, or moved by trains. It is an energy resource that reminds us that our electricity comes from somewhere. The more we wish to tap the power of the wind, the less we will be able to avoid the responsibilities that our demand for energy brings. This necessary bargain, first evident near Palm Springs, California, is now being experienced wherever wind power is being developed.  相似文献   

太阳活动区磁重联过程中电场加速高能电子分布的演化特征     

吴桂平  许敖敖  唐玉华 《天文学报》2000,41(4):393-399

基于活动区暗条快速上升后其下方电流片重联过程中产生强电场加速电子这一物理过程,解包括库仑碰撞和离子声湍动散射的Fokker-Planck方程,获得电子分布函数的演化特征．计算结果表明(1)当电场强度为1-10V·cm-1时,在10-5-10-6s可将电子加速到(0．1-1)Mev量级;(2)被加速电子近似呈幂律谱分布,其谱指数与耀斑脉冲相微波和硬X射线推断的电子谱指数基本吻合．  相似文献   

INTERACTION BETWEEN TROPICAL CYCLONE AND MEIYU FRONT^*     

Cheng Zhaohui  Kang Di  Chen Lianshou  Xu Xiangde 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1999,13(1):35-46

Generally speaking,the convection activities are inactive over western Pacific warm pool and tropical cyclone (TC) activity seldom occurs over the offshore of East Asia during the period of Meiyu rainfall.However,if a TC is active in this area,the Meiyu rainfall will often weaken or end up.Based on a statistical study with the data from 1980 to 1995,it is found that about 91% of 23 TC activities affected the intensity of Meiyu rainfall,and 50% of the end-up of Meiyu events were related to the active TCs and the change of subtropical high.The present paper simulates the effect of TC on Meiyu circulation by using MM4 model,and the results agree with the observations.From the point of view of vapor and energy transport,the landing of TC cuts not only the transport of the water vapor to Changjiang-Huaihe River basin from the Bay of Bengal but also the conversion of the mean flow energy to the Meiyu circulation because of the TC forcing to the zonal circulation.These two effects make the convection and perturbation existing in Meiyu region lack the supply of the vapor and energy for their maintenance and lead to the end of Meiyu rainfall.  相似文献   

Power Law Distribution of Broadband Radiated Energy for Global Seismicity     

Wu ZhongliangInstitute of Geophysics  China Seismologlcal Bureau  Beijing  China 《中国地震研究》1999,(4)

The claim that there exists a transition of earthquake energy distribution between small and large earthquakes is checked using broadband radiated energy of earthquakes for global seismicity. Scattering of the relation between the magnitude and the broadband radiated energy makes it necessary to use the energy data directly. Rank-ordering statistics is applied to enhance the resolution in retrieving the power law distribution with undersampled data, namely, a few tens of events. Seen in the perspective of broadband radiated energy with higher resolution, there is no evidence for the kink in the frequency-energy distribution for large and small earthquakes. Instead, a single power law can well explain the data. For earthquakes with energy larger than 10~(14) J, we find that the number N of events with energy E depends on E via N ∝ E-B, with the scaling constant B = 0.64 ± 0.04, corresponding to b = 0.95± 0.06.  相似文献   

降雹前大气层结稳定状态下的环境场特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

许晨海  张纪淮 《气象》1999,25(12):17-21

分析了１９８３年９月４日巴盟地区降有大气层结稳定的降雹过程,通过对降雹前后高空槽的变化、能量条件、触发机制以及环境风垂直切变等物理量的分析,揭示了此类降雹的大气环境场地特征。同时指出在特定的环流背景下大气层结随时间的变化可能会由稳定状态变为不稳定状态。  相似文献   

黑河地区大气沙尘对地面辐射能收支的影响   总被引：29，自引：16，他引：13  

沈志宝  魏丽 《高原气象》1999,18(1):1-8

利用１９９１年２月下旬至５月中旬ＨＥＩＦＥ张掖绿洲和沙漠站大气浑浊度观测和地面辐射平衡各个分量观测资料,分析和估算了大气沙尘对地面辐射能收支的影响,晴天大气透过率和达地面的短波辐射与大气浑浊度系数有产好的负相关,大气军浊系数增大时透过率和地面总辐射减少,大气浑浊度系数增大０．１,地面总辐射减少１．３％～１．９％,４月大气浑浊度由０．１增大到０．６,正午时刻地面总辐射减少６７．６～８５．８Ｗ／ｍ＾２  相似文献   

A wavelet method for detecting S‐waves in seismic data     

P.J. Oonincx 《Computational Geosciences》1999,3(2):111-134

Seismic signals consist of several typically short energy bursts, called phases, exhibiting several patterns in terms of dominant frequency, amplitude and polarisation. We present a fast algorithm to detect the so‐called S‐phase in a three‐component seismic signal. This new approach combines traditional S‐phase detection methods and the discrete wavelet transform. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

云南暴雨涡散场动能转换函数的动态分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

段旭  尤卫红  许美玲 《热带气象学报》1999,15(2):186-191

对1996年云南主汛期（6－8月）逐日散度风动能和旋转风动能之间的转换函数C（KD,KR）特征进行深入研究,同时分析了C（KD,KR）各项Af、Az、B、C在动能转换函数中所起的作用。研究结果表明,对流层内C（KD,KR）＞0,同时对流层低层的C（K,KR）＞中高层的C（KD,KR）之和．极易出现暴雨过程;Af项在整个动能转换中起主要作用,71％的Af与C（KD,KR）具有相同的符号,Az项和B项在动能转换中起振荡作用,Az＋B控制着29％的动能转换方向。  相似文献